Towards A hydrogen economy: Understanding pore alterations in the context of underground coal gasification
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Underground coal gasification (UCG) is gaining significant attention worldwide as a promising clean energy solution, particularly in conjunction with hydrogen production, amidst the global shift towards a hydrogen-based economy. However, existing research on hydrogen-oriented underground coal gasification (HUCG) has primarily emphasized hydrogen generation and syngas production optimization, neglecting a comprehensive analysis of pore space and permeability changes surrounding the cavities during water injection. To address this gap, we conducted a study to elucidate the alterations in pore structure of the surrounding coal seam during cavity development within the HUCG framework. Utilizing a large-scale 3D UCG model with a water injection well, we examined key parameters including temperature, porosity, permeability, and water saturation at various grid points around the cavity. Our modeling outcomes reveal that water injection influences both the cavity's development trajectory and coal pore characteristics, indicating a strong interplay between hydrological and physiochemical processes in UCG. Additionally, analysis of water saturation curves validates sensible injection rates for feasible HUCG implementation. This work provides important insights into the changes in coal morphology during hydrogen-oriented underground coal gasification, offers theoretical support for scaling up hydrogen production and advancing the development of a hydrogen-centric clean energy system. It contributes to the global shift towards a more diversified and sustainable hydrogen-based energy framework, accelerating political decision-making and technological progress. • A large-scale deep coal seam model with properties of the Santanghu Basin in Xinjiang, China, was constructed. •Key parameters were comprehensively investigated for insight into the evolution of coal seam pore structure around cavities. •Interplay between hydrological and physiochemical processes in UCG were analyzed systematically. •Validated reasonable injection rates for feasible HUCG implementation. •Revealed the influence of water injection on the morphological development of cavities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".