Boreal waterways: An Early Cretaceous plesiosaur from Ellesmere Island, Nunavut (Canadian Arctic) and its palaeobiogeography
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A plesiosaur specimen collected from Ellesmere Island (Nunavut, Arctic Canada) by Danish geologist Johannes Troelsen in 1952 is described for the first time.The plesiosaur is late Berriasian to early Valanginian in age based on palynostratigraphy.The specimen is the only plesiosaur known from the Lower Cretaceous of the Sverdrup Basin in the Canadian Arctic, and is assigned to the cryptoclidid genus Colymbosaurus.From a taxonomic point of view, the presence of vertebrae from several regions and four propodials improve our understanding of the morphology of the genus.Furthermore, Colymbosaurus is shown to have survived through the Jurassic-Cretaceous transition.Its presence in the Sverdrup Basin is additional evidence for the connectivity of Arctic Canada and the Svalbard region during the Jurassic-Cretaceous transition, at a time when sea levels were low and microplankton, like dinoflagellates, experienced enhanced provincialism.Last but not least, the new plesiosaur adds to our knowledge of the palaeoenvironment of the Sverdrup Basin, ranking at the top of a food chain that is largely unrecorded from the area, due to adverse taphonomy and diagenesis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".