Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) among Blood donors in Federal Medical Centre Nguru, Yobe State, Nigeria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The hepatitis B virus is responsible for a highly contagious infectious disease that is transmitted through contact with infected blood or body fluids to non-immune persons, transfusion of blood containing infections, engaging in close, intimate sexual interactions, sharing of contaminated sharp objects, close personal contact in overcrowded environments, and via the placenta of an infected mother to an unborn child. This work aims to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus among blood donors in Federal Medical Centre Nguru, Yobe State, Nigeria. The screening of HBsAg was carried out using the BioApex one Step HBsAg test kit manufactured by Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada. Nine (9) out of one hundred persons screened for HBsAg tested positive, giving a seroprevalence of 9.0%. Seroprevalence was significantly higher in donors of the age group 35–44 years old compared to donors of other age groups. The highest prevalence of 11.1% was recorded in donors with tertiary education. Fifty-three percent (53%) of the sample population did not have any knowledge about HBV prior to this study and had the highest prevalence of 6(11.3%) with P<0.05. The highest prevalence of 7(9.9%) was recorded in those with no family history of hepatitis compared with those with a family history. Donors with no history of blood transfusion and those who were not sure of being vaccinated had the highest prevalence of 9.6% and 25.0%, respectively. The seroprevalence of hepatitis B among blood donors in this study population was high. Awareness campaigns on its modes of transmission and prevention should be promoted and strengthened.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".