Thermodynamic analysis and performance evaluation of a parabolic trough collector receiver with external annular fins
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper investigates the influence of external annular fins on the thermodynamic performance of parabolic trough collector (PTC) receiver. The objective is achieved by developing thermal and fluid flow models with geometry of varied fin lengths and fin numbers and implemented in ANSYS Fluent software. With an assumption of evacuated annulus space, measured uniform heat fluxes were applied on respective halves. The results show an increase in thermal efficiency by 2.26% for Tin = 350 K, 2.21% for Tin = 400 K, and 2.22% for Tin = 500 K for varying Reynolds numbers and fin lengths, t = 5 mm. It is also observed that entropy generation reduces by 1.44% for Tin = 350, Re = 5000, and t = 5 mm. Low turbulence records higher heat transfer irreversibility as measured by the Bejan number. Exergy efficiency positively responds with an increase of 2.44% for Re = 5000, 2.30% for Re = 10000, and 2.30% for Re = 20000 for t = 5 mm. Due to the observed improvement, this passive enhancement technique can be utilized to design a high performing receiver system, thus maximizing the availability and reliability of PTC system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".