A 10-Gb/s Optical Receiver With Monolithically Integrated PIN Photodiode, Novel AGC, and Sensitivity of –27.1 dBm for BER 10<sup>-3</sup>
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A monolithically integrated optical receiver in InP for 10-Gb/s intensity modulation direct detect (IMDD) application is presented. The sensitivity at the bit error rate (BER) <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rm 10^{-3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is measured to be –27.1 dBm. An integrated PIN diode photodetector (PD) minimizes the parasitics caused by wire bonds between the PD and the transimpedance amplifier (TIA). For the first time, electronics and photonics are monolithically integrated into a single InP IC. The avalanche photodetector (APD) is replaced with PIN PD, exhibiting comparable sensitivity and requiring a simple 3.3-V supply voltage. A single transistor voltage-to-current convertor between two cascaded TIAs performs automatic gain control (AGC). A total dynamic gain control of 9 dB has been demonstrated with a dynamic range of more than 17 dB, employing only four transistors and dissipating 8.5 mW. Improved gain peaking extends the operating bandwidth and makes it suitable for higher-speed applications. The power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) exceeds 24 dB without needing on-chip bandgap references.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it