Historia (non?) grata: Byzantine archaeology of Istanbul during the First World War and the Allied occupation
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Over the course of the ‘long’ 1920s, following the First World War, there was increasing interest in Byzantine Constantinople, as well as prolific research activity characterized by a commendable collaboration between local authorities and foreign scholars such as Theodore Wiegand, Stanley Casson, David Talbot Rice, M.C. Vett, Nicholas Brunoff and Ernest Mamboury. These scholars, who laid the foundation stones for Byzantine archaeology in Istanbul, defined the key urban features of Byzantine Constantinople by bringing to light considerable data on the Mangana Quarter, the Hippodrome, the Baths of Zeuxippus, Forum Tauri, the Column of Constantine, Hebdomon and a number of Byzantine churches in Istanbul. Yet, in Byzantine Studies, the controversial political and historical conditions of war and military occupation in Istanbul, under which these scholars operated with the aim of uncovering the physical remains of the capital of the Byzantine Empire, remained largely unexplored. Against this backdrop, this paper focuses on Byzantine archaeology in Istanbul during the period between 1920 and 1930. Drawing on historical archives in Ottoman Turkish, French, English and Turkish, along with a comparative analysis of the Antiquities Law initially codified in the Ottoman Empire and later adopted by the young Turkish Republic, the paper explores the work of the pioneers of Byzantine archaeology in Istanbul within the framework of the cultural dynamics that emerged in the first decades of the twentieth century, marked by the First World War and the Allied Occupation. In doing so, the paper contextualizes the role of these precursory archaeological missions for the newly founded Turkish Republic and its renewed narrative of nationhood, as well as its cultural and archaeological heritage inherited from the Ottoman Empire.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it