Differences in Freshwater Littoral Communities Associated with Shoreline Modification for Erosion Control in the Rideau River, Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Freshwater biological communities face multiple pressures, and their study can indicatewhat effects these pressures have on their environment.Erosion control measures along 25 km of the Rideau River's shoreline in Ontario, Canada were studied in 2022 and 2023 to compare the aquatic communities associated with modified and unmodified shoreline types.Biological assessments of macroinvertebrates using artificial substrates samplers were conducted and hardened shorelines were identified to have reduced macroinvertebrate family richness.Littoral fishes were sampled using boat electrofishing and macrophytes were sampled using quadrats.Fish abundance, diversity, species richness, and macrophyte species richness were generally lower at modified shorelines with the greatest disparity at hardened shorelines.Shoreline modifications for erosion control within the Rideau River are associated with changes to littoral communities that span macroinvertebrates, fishes, and macrophytes.These effects are relevant to shoreline management and may provide opportunity for improving shoreline condition to benefit freshwater biodiversity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".