Socioeconomic and sociocultural differences in adolescents’ leisure motivations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigates the leisure motivations of secondary school pupils aged 14–18 in Flanders (Belgium) and examines their relationship with socioeconomic and sociocultural characteristics. Drawing on a diverse sample and employing regression analysis, the findings demonstrate that leisure motivations, assessed using an abridged version of the Leisure Motivation Scale (LMS), are significantly influenced by age, gender, migration background, educational track, and parental employment status. Notably, the educational track emerges as the principal differentiator, with students in technical and vocational education consistently exhibiting lower levels of motivation across all dimensions. The results further suggest that the LMS may not fully capture the leisure motivations of certain adolescent subgroups. These findings underscore the importance of recognising the diversity of leisure motivations in youth and highlight the need for tailored policy interventions that centre adolescents’ aspirations and experiences, thereby fostering equitable access to meaningful leisure opportunities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".