Social Stigmatisation among Tuberculosis Patients and Community People in Bangladesh: An Exploratory Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Introduction: This study aims to investigate social perceptions and prejudice towards tuberculosis (TB) in Bangladesh and how these perceptions and prejudice contribute to retain social stigma among patients and community people. Materials and Methods: Authors employed phenomenological approach and conducted 20 in-depth interviews with TB patients and their caregivers at the hospital, using maximum variation purposive sampling to capture a wide range of perspectives and contexts. Results: Thematic analysis revealed that many participants believed societal misperception and prejudices fuel the stigmatisation of TB. Furthermore, misconceptions about the disease’s incurability were widespread, with non-infected participants expressing reluctance to interact with TB patients. In addition, findings indicated that patients often faced isolation from family and society due to stigma. Conclusion: These insights underscore the need for culturally sensitive interventions to bridge healthcare gaps and enhance community awareness about TB and its impact in Bangladesh.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.028 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".