“Oil Palm Branch to Oil Palm Branch”: Festivals, Borders, and Trans-Border Ewe Ethnic Identities on the Ghana–Togo Border
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper examines how Deza (oil palm festival) of Dzodze on the Ghana–Togo border reflects socio-cultural relations between Ewe communities in Ghana and Togo and what it means for the border itself and Ewe identities on the borderlands. Drawing from participant observations of Deza from 2016–2019 and 2022, interviews, festival memorabilia, and archival sources, the paper argues that while Deza remains an identifiably relatively new Ghanaian festival, it is a site for Ewe border-crossing that traverses and undermines the reality of the border as a barrier through temporal and spatial performances. Also, the paper demonstrates that trans-border Ewe identity, through the codification of a common Ewe history and culture, produces multiple national identities. Thus, it simultaneously denies and affirms the border by highlighting the importance of festivals for bordering and the complex identities and identification that these festivals produce on the borderlands.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".