Ambition and Competition among Hindu Bengali Elites in Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Calcutta
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In eighteenth- and nineteenth-century urban colonial Calcutta, Hindu Bengali gentry celebrated numerous festivals at home, including Rathajatra, Doljatra, Jagaddhatri Puja, and Kali Puja, and even marked the birthdays and weddings of their pets with grandeur. Durga Puja, held in autumn, stood out as the most elaborate and significant. It provided affluent Bengali families with a chance to display opulence by hosting lavish gatherings and inviting prominent Europeans to their newly built mansions. Competition among them was fierce to showcase their wealth and status. For many of these families, Durga Puja was not just a personal celebration but also a means of cultivating relationships with British and other European residents who held positions of authority or influence, by which they sought to elevate their social standing and prosperity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.023 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".