Lead-free single and dual-filler loaded polychloroprene X-ray shielding nanocomposites
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Flexible polymers loaded with metal particles other than Pb are emerging composites for X-ray shielding applications. In this study, the X-ray radiation shielding performance of bismuth oxide (Bi 2 O 3 ) and barium sulfate (BaSO 4 ) metal particles embedded in polychloroprene (CR) matrix was evaluated with X-ray tube voltages of 80, 120 and 135 kVp. BaSO 4 and Bi 2 O 3 micro- and nanoparticle were synthesized and successfully loaded (0 – 60 parts per hundred, phr) as singular and dual functional additive of CR matrix . At 80 kVp, CR loaded with BaSO 4 particles (Ba-CR) showed enhanced attenuation capabilities (linear attenuation coefficient, μ = 2.56 cm -1 ). However, at 120 and 135 kVp, Bi-CR composites showed better shielding performance (μ = 1.813 cm -1 and μ = 1.621 cm -1 at 120 and 135 kVp, respectively). The dual-filler composites (Ba/Bi-CR composites) have shown a synergistic effect at 20 phr particle loading (10Ba/10Bi-CR), showing enhanced attenuation in nearly all tube voltages. The results of the study pointed out a promising potential for CR composites with BaSO 4 and/or Bi 2 O 3 additives for lead-free X-ray protective material with more flexibility, light weightiness, and environmentally friendly attributes.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it