Synthesis and characterization of Ag doped DLC films for biomedical implants
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Silver (Ag) doped diamond-like carbon (DLC) films were deposited on biomedical grade CoCrMo alloy using DC magnetron sputtering. The Ag concentration in the DLC matrix was controlled by varying the pulsed DC power to the Ag target from 13 W to 19 W. The composition, morphology, bonding states, and structure of the films were evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman Spectroscopy, and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. The mechanical, adhesive, and tribological properties of the films were assessed through nanoindentation, optical profilometry, Rockwell C indentation, and pin-on-disk wear testing against ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene counter surfaces in a 0.9 wt% NaCl solution under a 10 N load. Additionally, the electrochemical corrosion performance of the bare alloy, undoped DLC, and Ag-doped films in a 0.9 wt% NaCl solution was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization tests. The results indicate a significant reduction in residual stress and a slight decrease in hardness with Ag doping within the range of 3.5–13.2 at.% at Ag target power of 13 W–17 W. However, a drastic reduction in hardness was observed when the Ag doping exceeded 13.2 at.% at Ag target power of 17 W. The film with 7.1 at.% Ag doping at Ag target power of 16 W exhibited the lowest wear coefficient. Rockwell C indentation tests revealed that Ag doping enhanced the adhesion of the DLC film to the CoCrMo alloy. Furthermore, the results of the electrochemical corrosion tests showed that the DLC film doped with 7.1 at.% Ag at Ag target power of 16 W had the highest corrosion resistance in the 0.9 wt% NaCl solution, much higher than the bare alloy. • Ag-doped DLC films were synthesized using an RF/DC magnetron sputtering system with varying Ag concentrations. • At higher concentrations, Ag forms clustered structures within the films, influencing their properties. • Ag incorporation increases sp2 carbon clustering, reducing stress and improving DLC film adhesion. • Ag-doped DLC films reduce the friction and wear rate of UHMWPE counterparts. • Ag doping enhances the corrosion resistance of the films compared to the bare CoCrMo alloy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".