On the Processes Leading to Carotenemia-Elicited Changes in the Spectral Responses and Chromatic Attributes of Human Skin
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The presence of large concentrations of carotenoids within human skin, normally referred to as carotenemia, has been associated with a myriad of photobiological phenomena with a direct impact on the population's health. Despite the diverse body of biomedical research in this area, there are still key aspects that remain elusive with respect to the cutaneous accumulation of these compounds and their effects on skin and light interactions. Accordingly, the current understanding about the spectral responses and chromatic attributes of affected skin specimens, notably those characterized by high levels of pigmentation, is hindered by empirical information paucity. In this paper, we address these interconnected processes and their implications for the assessment of individuals' carotenemic status. To achieve that, we conducted controlled in silico experiments supported by measured data. We also discuss different strategies for the cost-effective monitoring of carotenoids' accumulation in skin sites more exposed to ultraviolet light and characterized by distinct levels of pigmentation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".