Sexual Behavior in Sexual Minority and Non-Minority Youth from Eight European Countries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sexual minority youth, compared to their heterosexual peers, have a disproportionate burden of sexual risks, but it remains unclear whether such inequalities exist across cultures and countries. We used data from eight European countries participating in the 2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study to analyze sexual behavior in representative samples of adolescents aged 14.5–16.5 years (N = 10,583). Overall, 19.1% of the participants reported that they had had sexual intercourse. Compared to their non-minority peers (those exclusively attracted to opposite-gender partners), sexual minority youth – attracted to same- or both-gender partners – were significantly more likely to report having had sexual intercourse and sex before age 14. Those attracted to both-gender partners had similar odds of having had sexual intercourse, but higher odds of not using condoms, or neither condoms nor contraceptive pill use at last intercourse. Those not attracted to anyone had similar odds of having had sexual intercourse but were more likely to report early sex and not using protection at last intercourse. Adjusting for gender, country and family affluence did not substantially change the pattern of results. In interpreting the findings, the onset of puberty, sexual abuse, stigma management and experimentation with sexual identity should be considered. We discuss the practical, clinical and research implications of the findings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".