Investigation on Acoustic and Thermal Properties of Powdered Granular Mask (PGM) Reinforced Green Epoxy Composites
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigates the acoustic and thermal properties of powdered granular mask (PGM) reinforced green epoxy (GE) composites, with PGM contents of 30 vol.%, 40 vol.%, and 50 vol.%. The aim is to develop sustainable, high-performance materials with enhanced insulation properties. Among the samples, S4 (PGM/50 vol.% GE) exhibited the highest Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC) of 0.30, demonstrating excellent acoustic shielding. Increasing the GE content improved the Transmission Loss (TL) by densifying the composite structure, significantly enhancing sound attenuation. In the high-frequency range, S2 (PGM/30 vol.% GE), S3 (PGM/40 vol.% GE), and S4 recorded TL peaks of 39.3 dB, 43.5 dB, and 44.9 dB at 1372 Hz, 1552 Hz, and 1544 Hz, respectively, confirming improved acoustic performance with higher PGM content. Thermal stability also increased with higher GE content, with S4 showing the highest decomposition inflection temperature of 472°C, indicating enhanced heat resistance. The novelty of this work lies in the dual functional benefits of PGM/GE composites, which offer both superior acoustic insulation and thermal stability. These properties make the composites ideal for aircraft flooring systems, particularly in areas such as cockpits and passenger cabins, where both sound insulation and thermal control are critical. The findings underscore the potential of PGM/GE composites for sustainable, high-performance applications requiring both acoustic and thermal management.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".