Clinical Trial: Effect of Autologous Dendritic Cell Administration on Improving Neuropathy Symptoms and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Diabetic Neuropathy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health concern, with diabetic neuropathy (DN) being a prevalent complication. Current DN treatments focus on blood glucose control and pain management, which show limited efficacy. This study explored the effects of autologous dendritic cell (DC) administration on improving DN symptoms. A quasi-experimental clinical trial was conducted on 28 DN patients at Gatot Soebroto Army Hospital. Patients received autologous DC administration, with their Toronto Clinical Neuropathy Score (TCNS), Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β), and Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1) levels measured before and at four weeks after treatment. The results show an average TCNS reduction from 8.93 to 7.5 (p < 0.001). TGF-β levels increased slightly from 41.16 ng/mL to 44.18 ng/mL (p > 0.05). VCAM-1 levels increased from 1389.75 ng/mL to 1403.85 ng/mL. Correlation analysis showed that TGF-β levels had a significant negative correlation with the TCNS (r = −0.353; p = 0.033) and VCAM-1 levels (r = −0.521; p = 0.002). Autologous DC administration significantly improves DN. While the changes in TGF-β and VCAM-1 levels were not statistically significant, their trends suggest that there was an anti-inflammatory effect. These findings highlight the potential of autologous DC therapy as a complementary approach to manage DN through inflammation reduction and nerve repair.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".