Hindsight is 2020: Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic on Death, Dying, and Grief
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has led to significant changes not only in the way we live, but also in the way we die. Visitor restrictions mean that patients are dying alone, and that families and loved ones are often unable to say goodbye or visit in the days and hours preceding death. Further, limitations on various cultural norms and rituals following death, such as the ability to hold funerals or wakes, are also influencing the experience of death and dying. The impact of these changes on bereavement and grief remains unknown, but it has been speculated that such changes may lead to adverse bereavement and grief experiences. There is an urgent need to establish a national grief strategy to ensure sufficient resources and supports for people experiencing the loss of a loved one, be it from coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) or another cause, during and beyond the pandemic.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.013 | 0.016 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.014 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.014 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".