Four Mars Years of ACB Phase Function Observations from the Mars Science Laboratory Show Low Interannual and Diurnal Variability and Suggest Irregular Water–ice Crystal Geometry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We extend previous work examining the water–ice cloud phase function to four years (Mars years 34-37) using observations taken during the Aphelion Cloud Belt season by the Mars Science Laboratory. From these phase functions, we continue to see little interannual or diurnal variability in Mars years 35-37, but potential diurnal variability in p=MY 34, which is not well understood. We use our derived phase functions to comment upon possible ice-crystal geometry by fitting a two-term Henyey–Greenstein function and comparing our results with those of modeled water–ice crystals and dust. These results suggest that cloud particles on Mars could have irregular geometry. • Water–ice cloud phase function is examined through four Mars years at Gale crater. • Little interannual or diurnal variability is present. • Water–ice cloud particles at Gale crater could have irregular geometry.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".