Transpacific Integration and Open Regionalism: The Case of Singapore as Associated State of the Pacific Alliance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Transpacific integration process is entering its third decade, and it encompasses a vast number of economic agreements and a wide range of actors on both sides of the Pacific. In the side of Latin America, the Pacific Alliance (PA) and its member states have been identified as using the concept of open regionalism to maximize their integration efforts, not only between themselves, but also with their counterparts in the Asia-Pacific. With the introduction of the category of Associated State, the PA founding members (Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru) have been able to add a new dimension to this Transpacific integration process. In 2022, Singapore was the first country to receive that category after finalizing negotiations for a free trade agreement with all the Alliance members. Other candidates are Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and more recently, South Korea. This article intends to trace the process of Singapore’s partnership with the PA, exploring the different motivations and features of economic ties between both sides of this new development. Therefore, through the observation of qualitative data and descriptive statistics, we suggest that it is possible to move beyond material incentives and drives, and emphasize elements such as shared values and ideas, in order to better comprehend the decision of those actors in coming together and continue promoting notions associated with a liberal and multilateral trading system, as a preferred model for Transpacific cooperation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".