Numerical assessment of the geothermal resource potential of the Charlevoix meteorite impact crater, Canada
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
• The geothermal exploration of a meteorite impact crater is presented. • A 2D groundwater flow and transfer model is used to simulate temperature at depth. • Temperature below Charlevoix is predicted considering the crater characteristics. • Insulating anorthosite and fractured basement rocks provide a favorable geothermal potential. Geothermal targets may be found in naturally fractured rocks of meteorite impact craters hosting low temperature resources. We therefore conducted a study with the objective of evaluating the geothermal potential of the 400 million year old Charlevoix impact crater in Quebec (Canada). Finite element simulations of steady state groundwater flow and heat transfer were made based on field characterization that allowed for the evaluation of rock thermohydraulic properties. Simulations provided a definition of the temperature field in cross-sections of the crater up to 10 km depth. Results allowed quantification of the impact of the deep groundwater recharge, the rock thermal conductivity and the Earth heat flow on the temperature distribution at depth. The calculated geothermal gradient inside the Charlevoix crater reaches 31 °C km -1 in the most favorable areas. The average temperature at 3 km depth was 70 °C inside the crater and was higher compared to outside the crater. This suggests greater potential for low-temperature geothermal direct use in the crater.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it