Sandwich-like heterojunction of NiO-Ni-TiO2 for simultaneous production of hydrogen and value-added products from glycerol photoreforming
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Achieving sustainable solar energy conversion and storage can be achieved using an alternative approach, namely photocatalytic hydrogen generation. However, the heightened cost of producing green hydrogen is attributed to the nonselective oxidation of sacrificial agents. In this work, a strategic design of a bifunctional photocatalyst that can concurrently produce hydrogen and generate value-added compounds from glycerol is demonstrated. A p-n heterojunction photocatalyst is firstly fabricated by loading NiO nanoparticles onto TiO 2 with different morphologies to examine their effect on hydrogen production performance and glycerol conversion. Then, sandwich-like heterojunction of NiO-Ni-TiO 2 was synthesized by in-situ thermal treatment of NiO-TiO 2 p-n junction. The formation of a collaborative Schottky and p-n (SPN) heterojunction significantly enhances charge separation efficiency, thereby, boosting the activity of glycerol photoreforming to produce hydrogen together with valuable chemicals. By optimizing the morphology and Ni-NiO ratio, approximately 24500 µmolh −1 g −1 of hydrogen was delivered together with 58 % of glycerol conversion into dihydroxyacetone and glyceraldehyde. This present work demonstrates a notable illustration of the rational design of bifunctional photocatalyst for solar-driven coproduction of hydrogen and value-added chemicals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".