The prevalence and burden of musculoskeletal disorders amongst Indigenous people in Pimicikamak, northern Manitoba, Canada: A community health survey
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To investigate the prevalence of spine symptoms and spine disability, self-care and care seeking behaviors in a random sample of Indigenous adults residing in Cross Lake, northern Manitoba, Canada. Orally administered survey in Cree or English to a representative sample of Pimicikamak citizens from the treaty ( n = 150/1931 houses) and non-treaty ( n = 20/92 houses) land, between May and July 2023. Questions ( n = 154) were derived from the 2018 First Nations Regional Health Survey, 2020 Canadian Community Health Survey, and 2021 The Global Burden of Disease study, covering demographics, spine symptoms, chronic conditions, activity limitations, general health, self-care, medication, and satisfaction with care. We used descriptive and cross-tabulations and consulted the community for data interpretation. The survey was completed by 130 adults (65 % females, mean age, 48.4 years). Nearly all participants (89.6 %) reported having spine symptoms in the past four weeks, with a majority experiencing activity limitations lasting one day or more due to neck (77.9 %) or low back pain (55.6 %). Chronic neck and low back pain “sometimes or often” limited activities of daily living (52.8 % and 74.1 % respectively). Nearly two-third (65.4 %) did not have concomitant mood problems. Future preferred care included self-care (88.5 %), over-the- counter medication (64.6 %), seeing an allied care provider (45.4 %), a traditional healer (26.2 %), a nurse or a medical doctor (22.3 %). Spine symptoms were highly prevalent and significantly impacted activities of daily living. Nearly half of respondents felt that they could benefit from care provided by allied health providers. • Survey of Indigenous adults shows high prevalence of spine pain and disability. • Pimicikamak adults face higher rates of spine pain than non-Indigenous populations. • Self-care, allied care, and traditional healers are preferred care approaches.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".