Electronic Structure Modulation Induced by the Synergy of Cobalt Low-Nuclearity Clusters and Mononuclear Sites for Efficient Oxygen Electrocatalysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The development of high-performance bifunctional single-atom catalysts for use in applications, such as zinc–air batteries, is greatly impeded by mild oxygen reduction and evolution reactions (ORR and OER). Herein, we report a bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst designed to overcome these limitations. The catalyst consists of well-dispersed low-nuclearity Co clusters and adjacent Co single atoms over a nitrogen-doped carbon matrix (Co SA+C /NC). The precisely tailored asymmetric electronic structures are achieved with strong electronic interactions between these Co species. The Co clusters optimize the adsorption/desorption strength of oxygenated intermediates on single-atomic Co sites to endow exceptional activity under alkaline conditions with a half-wave potential ( E 1/2 ) of 0.91 V and an overpotential (η) of 340 mV at 10 mA cm –2 . In addition, a zinc–air battery assembled with Co SA+C /NC achieves a high power density of 284.1 mW cm –2 and a long operational lifespan of 400 h, superior to those of the benchmark Pt/C + RuO 2 . Experimental findings and theoretical analysis reveal that the enhanced bifunctional activity stems from the synergistic interactions between Co clusters and single-atomic Co sites. Consequently, the overbinding of *OH is suppressed with accelerated *OH removal. This work establishes the design principle of advanced electrocatalysts with multiphase metal species bearing strong electronic interactions.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".