Relationship Between Electronegativity of the Extra-Framework Cations and Adsorption Capacity for CO<sub>2</sub> Gas on Mordenite Framework
Bibliographic record
Abstract
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Synthetic mordenite is widely used as a molecular sieve, adsorbent, and catalyst. To enhance these functionalities, it is crucial to understand the ion-exchange properties and cation-exchange sites of the zeolite. In this study, we analyzed the structural changes in fully Cs-, Sr-, Cd-, and Pb-exchanged mordenite by using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction under ambient conditions. Rietveld structure refinement revealed that the Cs + cation is predominantly located near the 8-membered ring (8MR) due to its low electronegativity and hydration energy. In contrast, divalent cations such as Sr 2+ and Cd 2+ cations, with higher hydration energies compared to monovalent cations, are present as hydrated ions at the center of the 12-membered ring along the c -axis (12MRc). Pb 2+ ions, due to their higher electronegativity than the framework atoms, exhibit a strong affinity for the electron cloud of framework oxygen atoms, which positions them close to the wall of the 12MRc. The observed differences in the locations of the extra-framework cations are attributed to electrostatic and hydration effects. Furthermore, the CO 2 adsorption capacity was assessed based on the type and site of exchangeable cations. The findings indicate that an increase in the CO 2 adsorption capacity correlates with the number of cations that can effectively interact with CO 2 .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".