Neurogliovascular alterations in brain pathologies across lifespan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Neurological and psychiatric illnesses present significant challenges across different stages of life. Adolescence is associated with a high incidence of eating disorders along with mood and anxiety disorders, while aging frequently brings psychiatric conditions that precede or accompany neurodegenerative diseases. Current treatments targeting neurotransmitter systems have limited effectiveness, with high relapse rates and few options to slow down disease progression. Increasing evidence highlights the importance of glial cells and the neurogliovascular unit (NVU) in brain pathologies. The NVU is formed by endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, microglia, and neurons. Among many functions, it modulates cerebral blood flow and supports blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity while being involved in neuroinflammatory responses. High peripheral inflammation in eating disorders could lead to BBB disruption and pro-inflammatory astrocytic and microglial states, affecting neuronal health and subsequently promoting unhealthy eating habits. Endothelial and glia cells play a central role in mood and anxiety disorder pathophysiology by fostering brain inflammation via BBB leakage and NVU alterations. In neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, NVU dysfunction aggravates cognitive decline and neuronal loss, while also contributing to amyloid-β and α-synuclein aggregation. This review seeks to highlight current knowledge about the involvement of the NVU in brain disorders across lifespan, stressing the need to better integrate vascular and glial research in targeted therapeutic strategies to optimize symptom alleviation, slow down or even prevent eating, mood, anxiety and neurodegenerative conditions. • Increased inflammation contributes to vascular dysfunction in brain pathologies. • The neurogliovascular unit may participate in eating disorders. • Mood disorders are associated with impaired endothelial and glial cell functions. • Neurogliovascular alterations are found in neurodegenerative diseases. • Research on sex differences in brain pathologies is limited at the vascular level.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".