Impact of Pre-Exchanging Anion-Exchange Polymer for Water Electrolysis and Fuel Cell Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pretreatment of anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) prior to their use in AEM fuel cells (AEMFCs) and AEM water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) is typically required to replace the anions with hydroxide (OH – ). Herein, hexamethyl- p -terphenyl poly(benzimidazolium) iodide (HMT-PMBI) (I – ) was used as a model AEM to investigate the exchange process. The exchanging solution (containing I –, released from AEMs) was first examined by silver ions, where we found that no more precipitates can be visually observed after 3 exchanges. Moreover, we developed a quantitative method based on UV–vis spectroscopy, which is able to show that ∼61, 84, and 87% of the original I – was removed after 1, 2, and 3 exchanges in 3 M KOH. In operando electrochemical studies revealed that current–voltage characteristics of AEMFCs are sensitive to residual iodide within the membrane, requiring at least three exchange cycles (>90% removal of iodide) to reach maximum performance. In contrast, AEMWEs are less sensitive to the exchange process, with trace iodide being effectively flushed during electrolysis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".