Unlocking the Potential of Polydopamine-Mediated Hybrid MXene and hBN 2D Nanosheets for Improved Thermal Energy Storage and Management
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
One challenge in phase change materials (PCM) is boosting thermal conductivity without compromising latent heat, which is essential for storing thermal energy via phase changes, such as melting and solidification. This study focuses on developing a hybrid nanoenhanced plant-based paraffin wax, by incorporating surface-modified hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and MXene. Here, polydopamine (PDA) served as a surface and chemical modifier to enhance the compatibility and long-term stability of MXene and hBN nanosheets within the NE-PCM, which are characterized through FTIR, XPS, XRD, and TEM. The surface modification enabled the nanosheets to disperse uniformly in the PCM without needing a surfactant, and they remained stable even after 1 h of centrifugation. The results indicate that the addition of 1% of PDA@hBN/MXene to PCM led to enhancements in all thermo-physical properties, including a 25.5% increase in the latent heat of melting, a 79% increase (at 15 °C) and a 59% increase (at 40 °C) in thermal conductivity, and a 32.5% increase (in the liquid state) and a 17.8% increase (in the solid state) in specific heat capacity. These findings underscore the significant advantages of hybrid NE-PCM in enhancing the performance of thermal energy management applications such as building energy management with pipe-encapsulated methods.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it