INSTRUMENTAL ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING (IADLS) PREDICT PLASMA NFL LEVELS IN OLDER ADULTS WITHOUT DEMENTIA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) are crucial for the independent living of older adults. Subtle declines in IADLs have been associated with decreased cognitive function. Yet, the knowledge regarding the association of IADL and plasma Neurofilament light chain (NfL), a biomarker for neurodegeneration, remains limited. This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional association between IADL and NfL in 102 older adults without dementia (Age≥65 years, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)> 17), using baseline data collected from a randomized clinical trial (NCT03959202). The sample was 70.3 ± 6.1 years old, with 79% being females, 61% being White American, 33% being Black or African American, 82% having intact cognition, and 18% having mild cognitive impairment. IADLs were assessed using the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale. Plasma NfL levels were examined continuously and dichotomously (≥ 75% vs. < 75%) as the study outcome. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted with IADLs total score as the primary predictor and adjusting for age, sex, education, chronic conditions, and MoCA. Higher IADL (better function) was associated with lower plasma NfL level (β=-4.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -5.99, -2.06). The logistic regression model showed that 1 point increase in IADLs score was associated with 67% reduced odds of having high NfL (OR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.77). In conclusion, we found that higher instrumental activities of daily living were associated with decreased plasma NfL, suggesting a mechanism underlying functional decline and neurodegeneration in non-demented older adults.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".