Unlocking Secure Optical Multiplexing with Spatially Incoherent Light
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract While coherent light holds promise for optical multiplexing via orthogonal degrees of freedom, its vulnerability to disturbances often results in information loss and retrieval hurdles, primarily due to its reliance on first‐order optical parameters. Herein, an incoherent optical information multiplexing and retrieval protocol is proposed theoretically and verified experimentally by harnessing the two‐point field correlations of structured random light. The optical information is securely stored in the multiplexed field correlations which are inaccessible to a direct capture by a camera and retrieved only through rigorous statistical processing. The inherently incoherent nature of random waves makes this protocol crosstalk‐free in principle and guarantees its high fidelity even in an extremely noisy environment. The advanced protocol opens new horizons in an array of fields, such as optical cryptography and optical imaging, and it can be relevant for information processing with random waves of diverse physical nature, including acoustic and matter waves.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".