Twenty-five years on the boundary between state and community: revisiting the ‘Impossibility’ of restorative justice and security informalism
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Once considered ‘impossible’, community-based restorative justice (CBRJ) in Northern Ireland has commanded attention and criticism in equal measure for over twenty-five years. While a necessary focus of the country’s transition from conflict to peace has centred upon state-led security processes, including police reform, wider perspectives related to informal policing have remained on the margins. This paper aims to revisit critiques around the ‘impossibility’ of restorative justice, originally considered by McEvoy and Mika 2002. In doing so, the authors attempt to demonstrate that the values and principles of CBRJ have in fact transcended the highly contested and politicised security environment of Northern Ireland. In turn, the operation of a key CBRJ organisation – Community Restorative Justice Ireland – has not merely been ‘possible’ but has acted as a fulcrum for transforming community capital, re-imagining justice ownership, and moving society away from the cultures of violence long associated with Northern Ireland’s past.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.026 | 0.020 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.021 | 0.145 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.027 | 0.016 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.022 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.012 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".