Enhancing Oxygen Spectra Interpretation by Calculating Oxygen Linked to Adventitious Carbon
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT The presence of adventitious carbon on samples analysed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy can complicate data interpretation. Because adventitious carbon can contain a significant amount of oxygen‐containing functional groups, accounting for its contribution is essential when analysing oxygen. For example, accurately determining the oxygen concentration—free from adventitious carbon contributions—is often crucial for some data interpretation. Additionally, when modelling high‐resolution oxygen 1s spectra, the organic oxygen must be considered to ensure accurate interpretation. Although these aspects of data interpretation should ideally be guided by stoichiometry, the process can be tedious and challenging, particularly for novice users. This Insight Note introduces a method for accounting for organic oxygen associated with adventitious carbon. It provides background information, outlines key assumptions and includes an easy‐to‐use Excel calculator to support this analysis, making the approach more accessible, especially for novice users.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it