Harnessing Genetic Resistance in Maize and Integrated Rust Management Strategies to Combat Southern Corn Rust
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Southern corn rust (SCR) caused by Puccinia polysora Underw. has recently emerged as a focal point of study because of its extensive distribution, significant damage, and high prevalence in maize growing areas such as the United States, Canada, and China. P. polysora is an obligate biotrophic fungal pathogen that cannot be cultured in vitro or genetically modified, thus complicating the study of the molecular bases of its pathogenicity. High temperatures and humid environmental conditions favor SCR development. In severe cases, SCR may inhibit photosynthesis and cause early desiccation of maize, a decrease in kernel weight, and yield loss. Consequently, an expedited and accurate detection approach for SCR is essential for plant protection and disease management. Significant progress has been made in elucidating the pathogenic mechanisms of P. polysora, identifying resistance genes and developing SCR-resistant cultivars. A detailed understanding of the molecular interactions between maize and P. polysora will facilitate the development of novel and effective approaches for controlling SCR. This review gives a concise overview of the biological characteristics and symptoms of SCR, its life cycle, the molecular basis of interactions between maize and P. polysora, the genetic resistance of maize to SCR, the network of maize resistance to P. polysora infection, SCR management, and future perspectives.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".