Canadian goldenrod ( <i>Solidago canadensis</i> ) invasion affects millipedes and symphylans more than centipedes in an urban meadow
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Plant invasions significantly alter soil food webs, differentially impacting various trophic groups in belowground communities. Myriapods (Myriapoda), a diverse group of soil arthropods, are integral to soil biodiversity and trophic networks. This study investigated the impact of the invasive Canadian goldenrod ( Solidago canadensis L.) on myriapod assemblages in a protected urban meadow in Budapest, Hungary, over two growing seasons. Comparisons were made between invaded and uninvaded (control) plots using taxonomic and trait‐based diversity indices to assess the effects of habitat alterations due to invasion. Primary consumers (millipedes and symphylans) were more affected by goldenrod invasion than predators (centipedes). Invaded plots exhibited greater diversity and abundance of millipede assemblages, both taxonomically and functionally, compared to control plots. Symphylans showed a preference for invaded plots, although their abundance was significantly higher only in autumn and during the first year. The species composition of millipedes and centipedes was strongly influenced by soil moisture. Furthermore, seasonality and habitat type were critical in shaping the taxonomic and trait composition of millipede assemblages. Polydesmus complanatus and the most abundant millipede species, Ophyiulus pilosus , were strongly associated with invaded habitats, while the geophilomorph centipede Pachymerium ferrugineum was linked to control plots. These findings suggest that the effects of plant invasion vary between trophic groups. Primary consumers, having more direct interaction with the invasive plant, are more sensitive to changes in plant composition and vegetation structure. Despite the generally negative impacts of Solidago invasion, certain myriapod taxa appear to benefit, likely due to a positive plant–soil feedback mechanism.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".