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Record W4406185491 · doi:10.1177/00307270241302091

Strategizing sustainable food security in Saudi Arabia: A policy and scenario approach to agricultural resilience

2025· article· en· W4406185491 on OpenAlex
Nadia Yusuf, Chokri Kooli, Haitham Khoj, Nada Bajnaid

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueOutlook on Agriculture · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicWater-Energy-Food Nexus Studies
Canadian institutionsRoyal Military College of CanadaUniversity of Ottawa
Fundersnot available
KeywordsFood securitySustainabilityAgricultureBusinessSustainable agricultureAgricultural productivityResilience (materials science)Environmental resource managementEnvironmental planningEconomic growthEconomicsGeography

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Saudi Arabia confronts major challenges in ensuring food security amid sustainability constraints that are exacerbated by freshwater scarcity and a dependency on food imports. This study seeks to holistically assess the Kingdom's agricultural landscape in light of its Vision 2030 objectives as well as broader global sustainability initiatives such as the Sustainable Development Goals. Drawing from a review of agricultural reports, including the 2015 Agricultural Census and Agricultural Production Survey Publications spanning 2018–2021, the research relies on a two-pronged methodology focused on scenario and policy analyses. By envisioning possible future agricultural scenarios grounded in present-day data and contrasting Saudi Arabia's efforts with global examples, we provide comprehensive policy and extension service recommendations. A separate focus has been placed on technological modernization and the key role of agricultural extensions in actualizing policy directives. The study culminates by discussing areas of concern for Saudi Arabia's agricultural sector, complemented with constructive suggestions for deeper research pursuits. Our findings stress the significance of water-saving technology like hydroponics and greenhouse farming for efficient Saudi agriculture. Moreover, a strengthened, science-based extension system integrating policies with global sustainability goals is vital for climate-resilient food security. This research serves as a foundation for scholars and stakeholders aiming to navigate Saudi Arabia's path toward a sustainable and resilient food future.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.800
Threshold uncertainty score0.871

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.002
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.001
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.006
GPT teacher head0.206
Teacher spread0.200 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it