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Record W4406272640 · doi:10.1002/admt.202401600

Sustainable Sensors Prepared by Environmentally Benign Means for Improving the Environmental Footprint of Wearable Electronics

2025· article· en· W4406272640 on OpenAlex
Cephas Amoah, Usmaan Mahmood, W. G. Skene

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.

Bibliographic record

VenueAdvanced Materials Technologies · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicAdvanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
Canadian institutionsUniversité de Montréal
FundersNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaCanada Foundation for InnovationCentre québécois sur les matériaux fonctionnels
KeywordsFootprintEcological footprintWearable computerElectronicsWearable technologyEnvironmentally friendlyCarbon footprintManufacturing engineeringEngineeringComputer scienceSustainable developmentEmbedded systemElectrical engineeringGeography

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Abstract Sustainable electronic devices offer the virtue of energy efficiency. However, their fabrication is often reliant on environmentally deleterious methods and materials that overshadow the environmental benefits the devices provide. Toward improving the overall environmental footprint of devices, stretchable and conductive substrates for enabling wearable electronics are fabricated predominately from both sustainable and biodegradable materials (chitosan and sorbitol) along with an environmental benign solvent: water. Indeed, the >95 wt.% of the stretchable and bendable sensor consists of sustainable and biodegradable materials. By blending a collectively self‐doped and water‐soluble conductive homopolymer during processing, stretchable films with a transverse resistance as low as 0.08 MΩ are obtained. Both the conductivity and mechanical properties of the films including elongation at break and Young's modulus are contingent on the chitosan molecular weight. The elongation at break of the films prepared from high molecular weight chitosan is upward of 200%, with the optical transmission of 60% above 500 nm, and minimal conductive hysteresis with stretching. Both the mechanical compliance and conductivity of the sustainable films are ideal for enabling wearing electronics. This is demonstrated by their use as strain sensors for tracking both human movement and phonation detection.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.039
Threshold uncertainty score0.947

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.003
GPT teacher head0.189
Teacher spread0.186 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it