Temporal dynamics and distributions of sardine and anchovy in the southern California Current Ecosystem
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Anchovies and sardines are some of the most economically and ecologically important and well-studied fishes on Earth, but there is still uncertainty regarding how distributions and abundances change through time and space. We bring together larval abundance data for northern anchovy ( Engraulis mordax) and Pacific sardine ( Sardinops sagax) collected by United States and Mexican scientists over 50 years (1963–2015) to test the Basin and Asynchrony hypotheses. The Basin hypothesis states that a species’ geographic range and spawning area ( R) increase with overall abundance ( A) according to a power law, R = aAb , where the exponent ( b) is less than ∼0.5 when the rate of increasing area occupied saturates as population size increases. The Asynchrony hypothesis postulates that anchovy and sardine abundances are negatively correlated through time. We found that the Basin hypothesis was supported for both species but the Asynchrony hypothesis was not during this 53-year period. Due to collaboration between US and Mexican scientists, we were able to better understand how two important fishes utilize their environment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".