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Record W4406469190 · doi:10.1561/1100000096

A Framework for Interactive Sport Training Technology

2025· article· en· W4406469190 on OpenAlexaff
Ian Smith, Erik Scheme, Scott Bateman

Bibliographic record

VenueFoundations and Trends® in Human–Computer Interaction · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPsychology
TopicEducational Games and Gamification
Canadian institutionsUniversity of New Brunswick
Fundersnot available
KeywordsTraining (meteorology)Computer sciencePsychologyHuman–computer interactionMultimediaGeography

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Participation in organized sport has many physical, mental, and social benefits, but there are a variety of obstacles in joining and continued participation including access to adequate coaching, equipment, and training facilities. These obstacles lead to inequitable access to high-quality and engaging training, which is a critical problem because adequate training is the main gateway to learning and participating in a sport. Increasingly, technology is used to augment sports training by improving its effectiveness, accessibility, and/or making it more engaging. However, the vast and disparate number of fields contributing to these advancements make it difficult to comprehensively understand technology’s current and potential impact on sport training. This review synthesizes work across fields, including human-computer interaction, computer science, sport science, engineering, psychology, and health sciences, into a classification of research and findings regarding interactive sport training technology organized around four characterizing dimensions: (1) Why augment sport? (the goal); (2) Which sport skill is being supported? (the target); (3) Which training method is used? (the method); (4) How is training augmented (the form). From this synthesis, we identify gaps in training technology research and propose a framework that can provide a common base for the design and creation of future interactive technologies for sport training.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.443
Threshold uncertainty score0.583

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.063
GPT teacher head0.440
Teacher spread0.376 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designTheoretical or conceptual
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations2
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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