Bibliographic record
Abstract
A model of the whole Mediterranean sea at 0.25 degrees x 0.25 degrees resolution has been run for ten years with a mean seasonal cycle of forcing using NMC winds and a relaxation to NODC surface temperature and salinity. The winter season water formation and dispersal in the model thermocline has been studied using isopycnal diagnostics and potential vorticity as a water mass tracer. In the eastern basin Levantine Intermediate Water (LIW) is formed in the cyclonic Rhodes gyre and moves west in a continuous mass, accumulating and mixing in the centre of the Northern Ionian. The LIW spreading path is identified both from the high salinity and low potential vorticity values on the 28.8 isopycnal surface. Some LIW then spreads west and south towards Sicily, and some flows NW through the Otranto straits into the Adriatic. This water is further cooled and Adriatic deep water emerges from Otranto below the LIW inflow and spreads slowly south along the Italian coast and east into the southern Ionian on the 29.0 isopycnal surface. This path is completely consistent with observed tracer data. Contrary to observations, the LIW does not reach the far eastern Levantine in this model either due to deficiencies in the forcing or the lack of mesoscale eddies which are not resolved. In the west, water is formed in the Gulf of Lions but it is fresher and lighter than observed and it becomes an intermediate water mass on the 28.8 isopycnal surface where it disperses SW towards Gibraltar. The dispersal of all the model water masses is slower than in reality because of the absence of mesoscale eddies. A 1-D vertical diffusion model is used to interpret the changes in the core LTW properties during the dispersal with some limited success.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.970 | 0.975 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".