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Record W4406522641 · doi:10.1086/733367

Agriculture of the Uprooted: The Assyrian Settlement on the Khabur and the Agrarian Solution to Refugees

2025· article· en· W4406522641 on OpenAlex
Samuel Dolbee

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueEnvironmental History · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicAsian Geopolitics and Ethnography
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsAgrarian societyRefugeeSettlement (finance)AgricultureGeographyAgroforestryBusinessArchaeologyEnvironmental science

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This article traces how the League of Nations responded to Assyrian refugees fleeing Iraq in the 1930s, and periodizes the concept of propertied agriculture as a solution to late-nineteenth and early twentieth century displacement. The League considered agricultural settlement of Assyrians in places as varied as Brazil, British Guiana, and Syria, and, less seriously, Australia, British Honduras, Canada, Cyprus, Cyrenaica, Ecuador, Eritrea, Fiji, Lebanon, North Borneo, Palestine, South Africa, Southern Rhodesia, and Tanganyika. Throughout these discussions, agriculture functioned to justify potential settlements or malign Assyrian refugees. In the end, the Assyrians remained on sites near the Khabur River in northeastern Syria that were intended to be only provisional. In the process, the Assyrians defied discursive presentations of themselves as seeds to be planted, and instead articulated shrewd critiques of the developmental endeavor, openly rebelling against the work of agriculture itself in an arid landscape from which they had hoped to leave.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.524
Threshold uncertainty score0.790

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.006
GPT teacher head0.213
Teacher spread0.207 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it