Risk of Malignant Transformation of Oral Lichen Planus and Oral Lichenoid Lesions: A Single Centre, 10‐Year Review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral lichenoid lesions (OLL) are common chronic inflammatory diseases associated with malignant transformation. Risk factors associated with malignant transformation of OLP and OLL are not well defined. METHODS: A retrospective chart review assessed risk factors for progression of OLP and OLL to oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) or oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) at a tertiary care centre in Toronto, Canada. RESULTS: Five-hundred-fifty-five patients identified with biopsy proven OLP or OLL met the inclusion criteria. In total, 3.2% (n = 18) progressed to OED (1.8%, n = 10) or OSCC (1.4%, n = 8). Risk factors associated with transformation included the plaque-like subtype (OR = 40.33, p < 0.001) and lesions located on the tongue (OR = 6.81, p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Clinical examination to identify lesion subtype and location provides useful indicators for risk of progression in patients with OLL and OLP.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".