Microstructure and durability of low-clinker carbonated mortars containing metakaolin and brick powder
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, the effect of the incorporation of metakaolin and brick powder on the durability properties of mortars was investigated. Mortars with a water-to-binder ratio of 0.5 and different substitutions of Portland cement by metakaolin (MK) and brick powder (BP) were tested. The experimental program covers compressive strength, natural and accelerated carbonation, capillary absorption, water porosimetry, water-vapor transmission permeability (WVTP), thermogravimetry analyses, and cracking tests. Results show that cement substitution by MK or BP improves the compressive strength of mortars, and the optimum content for achieving the best compressive strength is 25% for MK and 15% for BP. With regard to durability properties, the incorporation of MK and BP in mortars reduces their capillary absorption, total porosity, water-vapor transmission permeability, and resistance to carbonation. Noted that the mortar carbonation can considerably affect the durability properties, especially by an increase in the capillary absorption, total porosity, and WVTP.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".