A Review of the Gender Barriers Confronting Women and Girls in Pastoral Communities in Nigeria’s Sahel Region: The Case of Bauchi and Gombe States
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study examinedthe gender barrier driving inequalities among the pastoralists of Nigeria’s Sahel Region in particular Bauchi and Gombe States. The study aims at identifying the socio-cultural, economic and institutional factors contributing togender inequalities among the pastoralists.Using a cross-sectional survey design, qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Findings reveal thatcultural practices and social norms limit women’s participation as they are presumed unfit for various duties; power relations, gendered policies and laws also deny women decision-making power. Furthermore, lack of credit and economic opportunities put women in another vulnerable position of being financially trapped. In addition, patriarchal norms and institutions contribute to gender inequality through exclusion of women from decision-making processes and education. Based on the findings, the study recommends inclusive policy intercessions emphasizingon gender-sensitive education, better economic opportunities, institutional support, and community involvement. Addressing these problems can help to advance gender equity and development in Sahel Region of Nigeria.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".