Show Me the Shift: A Deep Dive into Undergraduate Students Understanding of Carbocations Rearrangements during Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this laboratory experiment, we have combined the use of deuterium-free 1 H NMR and a series of nucleophilic substitution reactions to expose second-year organic chemistry students to several possible carbocation rearrangements. This inexpensive, sustainable, and readily implementable laboratory experiment exposes students to all possible carbocation rearrangements for every constitutional isomer of a saturated five carbon alcohol and allows them to observe firsthand how to dissect the 1 H NMR spectrum of a reaction mixture. Moreover, with the help of guided inquiry questions, students are eased into understanding and investigating the possible carbocation rearrangements in an ascending difficulty fashion, from simple ubiquitous to infrequent rearrangements.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it