Mechanistic Insights into HRP-Catalyzed Oxidation of the Near-Infrared Fluorescent Dye Sulfo-cyanine 7
Bibliographic record
Abstract
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is a widely used enzyme that oxidizes a range of substrates in the presence of its co-substrate hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). In the past, we identified sulfo-cyanine 7 (S7) as a novel near-infrared substrate of HRP, which loses its fluorescence upon enzymatic oxidation in a hydrogen peroxide-dependent manner. However, the catalytic mechanism and the chemical structure of the oxidation products were not well understood. In this study, we investigate the catalytic mechanism of S7 oxidation by HRP and identify two radical products formed during the reaction. Our results point to the formation of non-near-infrared fluorescent species, and the regeneration of S7. These results strongly point to a disproportionation reaction that was described for other HRP substrates, namely the structurally related ABTS (2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".