Reshape Iron Nanoparticles Using a Zinc Oxide Nanowire Array for High Efficiency and Stable Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
As a type of century-old catalyst, the use of iron-based materials runs through the Haber–Bosch process and electrochemical synthesis of ammonia because of its excellent capability, low cost, and abundant reserves. How to continuously improve its catalytic activity and stability for electrochemical nitrogen fixation has always been a goal pursued by scientific researchers. Herein, we develop a free-standing iron-based catalyst, i.e., the iron nanoparticles with zinc oxide nanowire array support (Fe/ZnO NA), which exhibits a high ammonia yield of ∼54.81 μg h –1 mg cat. –1 and a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of ∼9.56% in a 0.5 M potassium hydroxide solution, along with good reusability and durability. Its electrocatalytic ability is superior to that of commercial Fe materials and most reported Fe-based catalysts, thus showing great competitiveness. This is because the ZnO NA not only supplies stable support for the homogeneous dispersion of Fe nanoparticles but also provides a very beneficial synergy to their catalytic activity. The work renews traditional iron-based catalysts and is thus of great significance for promoting the industrialization of electrochemical ammonia synthesis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".