P0478 Peripheral blood cytokines in patients with paediatric-onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease – a systematic review and meta-analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Cytokines play a central role in the aetiology, disease severity and treatment of adult-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)1. However, despite the aggressive phenotype reported in paediatric-onset IBD, little is known about the cytokine levels in paediatric-onset IBD. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize findings of cytokine levels in peripheral blood in patients with paediatric-onset IBD compared to healthy controls. Methods This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines2 and was registered at Prospero [CRD42024579684]. A literature search was performed on the 1st of August 2024 in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Scopus. We included studies that reported levels of cytokines in plasma or serum, in patients with paediatric-onset IBD and healthy controls. To ensure a complete overview, we did not exclude studies based on patients’ treatment status. Pooled effect sizes of mean values were calculated using Hedges’ g for any cytokine reported by two or more studies. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used for quality assessment. Results The literature search revealed 10,110 papers (4,582 duplicates), and 5,528 articles were independently screened by two authors. Twenty-one articles met the inclusion criteria including a total of 950 patients with paediatric-onset IBD, and 481 healthy controls. Studies reported on 57 different cytokines. Meta-analysis was performed for interleukin-6 (IL-6) (12 studies, of which 7 provided mean values) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (7 studies, of which 2 provided mean values). Mean values of other cytokines were not provided by two or more studies, and meta-analysis could therefore not be performed. Pooled effect sizes showed increased levels of IL-6 (standardized mean difference: 1.99, 95% confidence interval: 1.15-3.26). However, the heterogeneity between studies was high (Figure 1). Levels of TNF-α did not differ between patients and controls (standardized mean difference: 0.36 95% confidence interval: -0.08-0.79). Overall, the included studies had moderate-good quality. Conclusion IL-6 was increased in the peripheral blood of patients with paediatric-onset IBD. Data on other cytokines were scarce. References 1)Neurath MF. Cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2014;14(5):329-342. doi:10.1038/nri3661 2)Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372:n71. Published 2021 Mar 29. doi:10.1136/bmj.n71
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.010 | 0.024 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.016 | 0.030 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".