The cost of transition: modeling the swimming biomechanics of bottlenose dolphins to estimate cost of transport
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Given growing interest in emulating dolphin morphology and motion gait to design bio-inspired underwater vehicles with high performance, this article investigate bottle-nose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) swimming behavior using tag-measured kinematics and a hydrodynamic model to estimate propulsive power, and energetic cost of transport. This article investigated the energetic costs associated with transient behavior required to reach steady state, i.e. additional costs required to reach steady state swimming speeds. To this end, movement data were collected from three animals during prescribed straight-line swimming trials to investigate swimming mechanics. The swimming speed ranges from 2m/s-5 m/s and the thrust power range from 0.1kw-1.5 kw. 239 qualified active-fluking periods were manually segmented and 277 qualified consistent-speed periods were automatically segmented from the collected dataset. A velocity-dependent hydrodynamic model to calculate propulsion efficiency from prior research is employed to calculate energetic costs of individual animals. These results provides new insights into dolphin swimming behavior in prescribed trial-swimming tasks and presents a path forward for continuous estimates of mechanical work and power from wild animals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".