Effect of fluidizing gases, humidity, and grounding on particle charging dynamics in gas-solids fluidized beds
Bibliographic record
Abstract
• Argon lowers particle charge saturation by reducing dielectric breakdown strength. • Below dielectric breakdown, charge saturation is determined by generation-dissipation. • Humidity enhances charging of hydrophobic particle but does not alter final charge. • Humidity enhances charge dissipation in hydrophilic particle due to lower resistivity. • Grounding does not significantly influence charging dynamics nor saturation charge. This study examines charging dynamics of HDPE and glass particles in gas–solid fluidized beds, focusing on effects of fluidizing gases, humidity, and reactor grounding. Experiments revealed that charge accumulation in HDPE particles is significantly influenced by breakdown strength of fluidization gas, with argon leading to earlier and lower charge saturation. For glass particles, low saturation charge density results from the balance between weak charge generation and strong charge dissipation, rather than dielectric breakdown. Humidity had a material-dependent effect; it enhanced the charging of HDPE particles but did not impact their final saturation levels, while for glass particles, it promoted charge dissipation. Grounding the column, contrary to common expectations, did not significantly reduce electrostatic charges or alter charging dynamics for either particle type because the particle–particle contact controls charge transfer for dielectric particles. These findings highlight the complex interactions between gas type, humidity, and particle and wall materials, emphasizing the need for tailored strategies to manage electrostatic charges in industrial fluidized bed systems.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".