Effects of polycarboxylate superplasticizers with different functional groups on the adsorption behavior and rheology of cement paste containing montmorillonite
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The dispersing effectiveness of polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCE) in cement paste is dramatically reduced as a result of the sorption of PCE by montmorillonite (MMT) clay. To improve the dispersing effectiveness of PCE in MMT-containing cement paste, three PCEswere synthesized by copolymerizing isopentenyl polyoxyethylene ether (TPEG) with trans-2-butenedioic acid (FA) (FA-TPEG), FA and methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (FA-DMC-TPEG), FA and sodium p-styrene sulfonate (FA-SSS-TPEG), respectively. Their molecular structures were characterized by gel permeation chromatography, specific charge density , Fourier transform infrared spectrum, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction and adsorption analysis were used to reveal the interactions between PCEs and MMT, and their dispersing performance in cement-MMT paste was evaluated using mini-cone and rheology measurements.. Results indicate that the difference in flowability caused by PCEs is primarily attributed to their different affinity for MMT in cement paste. Among them,, FA-SSS-TPEG showed excellent flowability due to its high affinity for cement particles and strong steric hindrance effect.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".